What is the Gitelman Syndrome ICD 10 Code?
Gitelman syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects the kidneys. It is caused by mutations in the SLC12A3 gene, which encodes a protein called the thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC). NCC is responsible for reabsorbing sodium and chloride from the urine in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron. Mutations in SLC12A3 lead to a loss of function of NCC, resulting in excessive loss of sodium, chloride, potassium, magnesium, and calcium in the urine.
Symptoms of Gitelman Syndrome
Gitelman syndrome is characterized by low blood levels of potassium (hypokalemia), magnesium (hypomagnesemia), and calcium (hypocalcemia), and high blood pH (metabolic alkalosis). Patients with Gitelman syndrome may have symptoms such as muscle weakness, cramps, spasms, tingling, numbness, fatigue, thirst, frequent urination, salt craving, and abnormal heart rhythms. Some patients may have no symptoms or mild symptoms that are often overlooked or misdiagnosed.
Gitelman Syndrome ICD 10 Code
The ICD-10 code for Gitelman syndrome is N25.8. This code belongs to the category N25 – Other disorders resulting from impaired renal tubular function, which is part of the chapter N00-N99 – Diseases of the genitourinary system. The code N25.8 can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes and can be applied to various clinical scenarios related to Gitelman syndrome.
The code N25.8 should be assigned as the principal diagnosis when Gitelman syndrome is the main reason for the encounter or the focus of treatment. It can also be assigned as a secondary diagnosis when Gitelman syndrome is a coexisting condition that affects the management of the patient.
The code N25.8 should be supported by clinical documentation that confirms the diagnosis of Gitelman syndrome based on genetic testing or clinical criteria. The diagnosis of Gitelman syndrome can be confirmed by identifying disease-causing variants in both copies of the SLC12A3 gene using molecular genetic testing. Alternatively, the diagnosis can be established by demonstrating low levels of potassium, magnesium, and calcium in the blood and urine, high levels of chloride in the urine, and high blood pH using biochemical tests.
Gitelman Syndrome Treatment
The treatment of Gitelman syndrome depends on the severity of the condition and the symptoms of the patient. The main goal of treatment is to correct electrolyte imbalances and prevent complications such as kidney stones, osteoporosis, and cardiac arrhythmias. Treatment options may include oral supplements of potassium, magnesium, and calcium; salt tablets; potassium-sparing diuretics; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.
Complications of Gitelman Syndrome
Some possible complications of Gitelman syndrome are:
– Dehydration due to excessive loss of salt and water in the urine and increased thirst and urination. Dehydration can worsen the electrolyte imbalances and may require intravenous fluids and electrolytes.
– Cardiac arrhythmias due to low levels of potassium and magnesium in the blood, which affect the electrical activity of the heart. Cardiac arrhythmias can cause palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath, fainting, or sudden cardiac death.
– Seizures due to low levels of magnesium in the blood, which affect the function of the nervous system. Seizures can cause loss of consciousness, convulsions, or abnormal movements.
– Chondrocalcinosis due to decreased excretion of calcium in the urine, which leads to accumulation of calcium crystals in the joints. Chondrocalcinosis can cause joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and inflammation.
– Osteoporosis due to low levels of calcium and magnesium in the blood, which affect bone health. Osteoporosis can increase the risk of fractures and bone deformities.
Gitelman Syndrome Life Expectancy
Gitelman syndrome is a chronic and lifelong condition that requires regular monitoring and follow-up. Patients with Gitelman syndrome should have periodic blood and urine tests to check their electrolyte levels and kidney function. They should also have regular electrocardiograms to monitor their heart rhythm and bone density tests to assess their bone health. They should avoid dehydration, excessive sweating, fasting, alcohol consumption, and medications that may worsen their condition.
Conclusion
Gitelman syndrome is a rare and complex disorder that can affect various body systems and functions. It is important to identify and code it accurately using the ICD-10 code N25.8 and to document its genetic and biochemical basis.
References
(1) .ICD-10-CM Code N25.89 – ICD.Codes.
(2) 2023 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code N15.8 – The Web’s Free 2023 ICD-10-CM/PCS ….
(3) Gitelman syndrome – Wikipedia.
(4) Western Australian Coding Rule – Department of Health.
(5) ICD-10-CM Code N25.8 – Other disorders resulting from … – ICD.Codes.
FAQs
Q: What is Gitelman syndrome?
A: Gitelman syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects the kidneys and causes low levels of potassium, magnesium, and calcium in the blood and urine.
Q: What causes Gitelman syndrome?
A: Gitelman syndrome is caused by mutations in the SLC12A3 gene, which encodes a protein called the thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC) that reabsorbs sodium and chloride from the urine in the kidney.
Q: What are the symptoms of Gitelman syndrome?
A: Gitelman syndrome may cause symptoms such as muscle weakness, cramps, spasms, tingling, numbness, fatigue, thirst, frequent urination, salt craving, and abnormal heart rhythms. Some patients may have no symptoms or mild symptoms.
Q: How is Gitelman syndrome diagnosed?
A: Gitelman syndrome can be diagnosed by genetic testing or biochemical tests. Genetic testing can identify disease-causing variants in both copies of the SLC12A3 gene. Biochemical tests can measure the levels of potassium, magnesium, calcium, chloride, and pH in the blood and urine.
Q: How is Gitelman syndrome treated?
A: Gitelman syndrome is treated by correcting electrolyte imbalances and preventing complications. Treatment options may include oral supplements of potassium, magnesium, and calcium; salt tablets; potassium-sparing diuretics; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.
Q: What is the ICD-10 code for Gitelman syndrome?
A: The ICD-10 code for Gitelman syndrome is N25.8. This code belongs to the category N25 – Other disorders resulting from impaired renal tubular function, which is part of the chapter N00-N99 – Diseases of the genitourinary system.
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