What is the ICD-10 code for hypomagnesemia?
Hypomagnesemia is a condition characterized by low levels of magnesium in the blood. Magnesium is an essential mineral that plays a role in many biochemical reactions, such as nerve and muscle function, blood pressure regulation, and energy production.
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Low intake of magnesium from the diet or supplements. This can occur due to poor nutrition, malnutrition, or food insecurity.
Excessive loss of magnesium through the kidneys or the gastrointestinal tract. This can occur due to various factors, such as:
– Diuretics (water pills) that increase urine output and magnesium excretion.
– Alcohol abuse that causes dehydration, diuresis, and liver damage.
– Diabetes mellitus that causes glycosuria (sugar in the urine) and osmotic diuresis.
– Chronic kidney disease that impairs the ability to reabsorb magnesium.
– Bartter syndrome or Gitelman syndrome are genetic disorders affecting renal tubular function and electrolyte balance.
– Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) that reduce stomach acid production and impair magnesium absorption.
– Antibiotics or chemotherapeutic agents that interfere with magnesium transport or metabolism.
– Diarrhea, vomiting, or malabsorption that causes gastrointestinal loss of magnesium.
– Celiac disease or Crohn’s disease damages the intestinal lining and affects nutrient absorption.
Movement of magnesium from the extracellular fluid into less accessible locations. This can occur due to:
– Refeeding syndrome occurs when severely malnourished patients are given high-calorie food and develop electrolyte imbalances.
– Hungry bone syndrome occurs when patients with hyperparathyroidism undergo parathyroidectomy and develop rapid uptake of minerals by the bones.
– Acute pancreatitis causes inflammation of the pancreas and sequestration of fluid and electrolytes in the peritoneal cavity.
Symptoms of Hypomagnesemia
Hypomagnesemia can cause symptoms such as muscle cramps, weakness, tremors, irritability, confusion, and seizures. It can also increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmias and osteoporosis.
ICD 10 Code for Hypomagnesemia
The ICD-10 code for hypomagnesemia is E83.42. This code belongs to the category E83 – Disorders of mineral metabolism, which is part of chapter E00-E89 – Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases. The code E83.42 can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes and can be applied to various clinical scenarios, such as:
– Dietary magnesium deficiency (E61.2)
– Magnesium depletion due to malabsorption, diarrhea, vomiting, or excessive sweating (E86.0)
– Magnesium loss due to renal disorders, such as chronic kidney disease, diuretic use, or Bartter syndrome (N25.81)
– Magnesium imbalance due to endocrine disorders, such as hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or diabetes mellitus (E21.-)
– Magnesium deficiency due to alcohol abuse or withdrawal (F10.-)
– Magnesium deficiency due to medications, such as proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics, or chemotherapeutic agents (T36-T50 with the fifth or sixth character 5)
The code E83.42 should be assigned as the principal diagnosis when hypomagnesemia is the main reason for the encounter or the focus of treatment. It can also be assigned as a secondary diagnosis when hypomagnesemia is a coexisting condition that affects the management of the patient.
The code E83.42 should be supported by clinical documentation that confirms the diagnosis of hypomagnesemia based on laboratory tests or clinical criteria. The normal range of serum magnesium is 1.7 to 2.2 mg/dL (0.7 to 0.9 mmol/L). Hypomagnesemia is defined as a serum magnesium level below 1.7 mg/dL (0.7 mmol/L). However, some patients may have symptoms of hypomagnesemia even with normal serum magnesium levels due to tissue or organ-specific deficiency.
Treatment of Hypomagnesemia
The treatment of hypomagnesemia depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. Mild to moderate hypomagnesemia can be treated with oral magnesium supplements or dietary modifications. Severe or symptomatic hypomagnesemia may require intravenous magnesium infusion or injections.
Oral magnesium salts such as magnesium oxide, magnesium citrate, or magnesium gluconate. These are usually prescribed for mild to moderate hypomagnesemia or as maintenance therapy after correcting severe hypomagnesemia.
Intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) magnesium sulfate. This is usually given for severe hypomagnesemia (serum magnesium level < 1.25 mg/dL or < 0.50 mmol/L) or when oral therapy is not possible or tolerated. The dose and duration of IV or IM magnesium sulfate depend on the severity of the condition and the response to treatment.
Treatment of the underlying cause of hypomagnesemia. This may include stopping or adjusting medications that cause magnesium loss, correcting electrolyte imbalances (such as low calcium or potassium levels), managing gastrointestinal disorders (such as diarrhea or malabsorption), controlling blood glucose levels in diabetes, and avoiding alcohol abuse
Complications of Hypomagnesemia
Hypomagnesemia is a common and potentially serious condition that can affect various body systems and functions. It is important to identify and code it accurately using the ICD-10 code E83.42 and to document its etiology and severity.
Some possible complications of hypomagnesemia are:
– Cardiac arrhythmias (abnormal heart rhythms) that can be life-threatening
– Seizures that can result from severe neuromuscular excitability
– Delirium that can cause confusion, agitation, and hallucinations
– Osteoporosis (thinning bones) that can increase the risk of fractures
– Migraine headaches that can be triggered by low magnesium levels
– Heart disease that can be influenced by magnesium deficiency
– Type 2 diabetes can be associated with insulin resistance and low magnesium levels
References
(1) https://icd10coded.com/cm/E83.42/
(2) 2023 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code E83.42: Hypomagnesemia.
(3) (2022) How To Code Hypomagnesemia ICD 10 – Coding Ahead.
(4) ICD-10 Code for Hypomagnesemia- E83.42- Codify by AAPC.
FAQs
Q: What is hypomagnesemia?
A: Hypomagnesemia is a condition characterized by low levels of magnesium in the blood.
Q: What are the symptoms of hypomagnesemia?
A: Hypomagnesemia can cause symptoms such as muscle cramps, weakness, tremors, irritability, confusion, and seizures.
Q: What are the causes of hypomagnesemia?
A: Hypomagnesemia can be caused by various factors, such as dietary deficiency, gastrointestinal loss, renal loss, endocrine disorders, alcohol abuse, or medication use.
Q: How is hypomagnesemia diagnosed?
A: Hypomagnesemia is diagnosed based on laboratory tests or clinical criteria. The normal range of serum magnesium is 1.7 to 2.2 mg/dL (0.7 to 0.9 mmol/L). Hypomagnesemia is defined as a serum magnesium level below 1.7 mg/dL (0.7 mmol/L).
Q: How is hypomagnesemia treated?
A: Hypomagnesemia is treated depending on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. Mild to moderate hypomagnesemia can be treated with oral magnesium supplements or dietary modifications. Severe or symptomatic hypomagnesemia may require intravenous magnesium infusion or injections.
Q: What is the ICD-10 code for hypomagnesemia?
A: The ICD-10 code for hypomagnesemia is E83.42. This code belongs to the category E83 – Disorders of mineral metabolism, which is part of chapter E00-E89 – Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases.
Q: When should I use the ICD-10 code E83.42?
A: You should use the ICD-10 code E83.42 when hypomagnesemia is the main reason for the encounter or the focus of treatment, or when it is a coexisting condition that affects the management of the patient.
Q: How should I document hypomagnesemia in the medical record?
A: You should document hypomagnesemia in the medical record by confirming the diagnosis based on laboratory tests or clinical criteria, and by indicating its etiology and severity.